What are building materials and what are their types

[merehan]

building materials
Building materials are necessary to resist the various natural factors affecting buildings, and there are many materials used in construction, whether solid materials such as stones and wood or loose materials such as sand and cement, and it is necessary to match building materials to work requirements and quality standards, and we will present in this article the types of building materials.

concrete
It is also known as concrete, and it is one of the most important materials used in construction at the present time, and it can be defined as a material or mixture consisting of water, cement, sand, and a type of aggregate such as gravel or tooth, and these materials are mixed together to form a homogeneous mixture through a process called doubt time. It is worth noting that the Romans were the first to use this material about two thousand years ago, and they used it in their buildings for many reasons, including: its ability to form easily, and the ability of anyone to do it after a simple training, and from the types of concrete:

Concrete mortar: It is a mixture of Homsani gravel with an amount of sand and cement mortar.
Soft concrete: It is concrete, and it is formed from natural gravel or fractures resulting from hard stone with a quantity of pure sand, in addition to an amount of fine powder and cement.

Ordinary concrete: It is the cleanliness concrete, and it is not used in buildings that are subjected to pressures or loads, and is usually used to fill the voids in the structures, or to stabilize the soil built on top of those structures.
Reinforced concrete: It is poured using iron bars to strengthen it and increase its strength and ability to bear large weights. It is often used in bridges, high buildings, and roofs.

cement
It is the most important building material in the world, and it has been known for hundreds of years, and it was considered one of the remnants of volcanoes, then it developed in the Middle Ages and became considered as limestone and clay, and then in modern times it has become in the form of dry sand.

Iron
It has many types, some of which have the shape of cylindrical bars of different thicknesses, and some of them take the form of ribbed bars with shortened ends in the middle, and iron is used to reinforce and strengthen concrete, so it is called reinforced concrete.

Toubar wood
It is wood in the form of long bars and a simplified surface, such as that found on park benches, and is used to form the space in which concrete is required to be poured so that it takes the shape of that space.

bricks
It is a rectangular piece of clay and water. It is used in the construction of the walls of buildings between the columns. There is also a type of it used to build ceilings besides iron and concrete.

Other materials
White sand: is stone powder, mixed with cement and water to form concrete.
Tile: It is used to cover building floors, and there are many types of it, including: ceramic, granite and marble.
Gravel: It is spread under the tiles in buildings to obtain flat surfaces, and a small amount of it is used in the concrete mixture to increase its cohesion with iron.
Paints: They are used to paint buildings from the inside with different colors.

TRANSLATED FROM:
حجر خارجي مودرن
تصميم واجهات ابنية من الحجر الهاشمي والفرعوني الفاخر
اشكال واجهات منازل جميلة

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